Makanna

When I researched the name Makanna in South Africa, I found several different spellings of the name. Makhanda Nxele, which stands for “the left handed” or Makhanda the prophet also spelled Makana. Since the spelling was Makana in most of my research, I will stick with that spelling.

Makana was a Xhosa warrior who led an attack against the British at Grahomstown in 1819. Makana was born near the coast in Eastern Cape and followed the missionary teachings of Johannes van der Kemp. He had a strong interest in Christianity and combined it with ancient Xhosa beliefs. He began to attract followers that eventually earned him the title and status of chief and military adviser to Chief Ndlambe.

Makana advised Chief Ndlambe to attack Grahamstown during the daylight with 6,000 men, women and children against a small British troop of 350 soldiers. The Briish were able to resist the attack with help from a Khoikhoi group led by Jan Boesak. The firearms of the British were too much for Makana and he surrendered himself in hopes of promoting peace. The British imprisoned Makana on Robben Island, but treated him with respect, allowing him private quarters, food and furniture. Makana later escapes along with 30 other prisoners, but dies from drowning during the escape.

Makana is most known for his attempt to promote peace between the Xhosas and the British. He was so dedicated to this cause that he sacrificed his own life in persuit of peace for his followers. He helped pave the way for other twentieth century prisoners on Robben Island, including Nelson Mandela to always fight for their beliefs. Robben Island was later renamed after him as well as the Makana Local Municipality and Makana F.A.